14th Armored Division Quick Facts
Activated
Nov 1, 1942
Entered Combat
Nov 20, 1944 at Rhineland
Days in Combat
167
Battle Casualties
2,690
Division Type
Armored
Theaters
14th Armored Division Combat History

The 14th Armored Division landed at Marseille on October 30, 1944, and entered combat only weeks later in VI Corps' winter drive through the Vosges and lower Alsace. CCA pushed toward Schirmeck, Obernai, Barr, and Erstein in late November, helping block German exits from the mountains as French and American forces entered the Alsatian Plain. In December the division crossed the Lauter, took Soultz-sous-Forets, Riedseltz, Salmbach, and Schlerthal, then shifted into defensive positions south of Bitche near Neuhoffen.

That defensive phase soon became the division's hardest battle. After the German New Year's offensive forced a withdrawal, the division counterattacked from Kuhlendorf on January 11 to relieve the 79th Infantry Division at Rittershoffen. By January 13 it controlled the Hatten-Rittershoffen sector, where the fight became close-range armored and infantry combat inside two Alsatian villages. Green Book accounts describe American and German forces holding opposite portions of the towns, fighting through houses, cellars, streets, and rubble while tanks could move only with infantry protection. The 14th and attached infantry stalled the German main effort, but at severe cost: the division lost perhaps a third of its combat strength in men and equipment, then settled back into defensive and rehabilitation work after Oberhoffen in early February.

On March 15 the division returned to the offensive across the Rothbach and Moder, exploiting Seventh Army's renewed drive into Germany. It crossed the Lauter northeast of Schleithal, fought through Steinfeld in the Wissembourg Gap, and reached the Rhine at Germersheim while CCA seized Schaidt. Crossing the Rhine near Worms on April 1, it passed through the 45th Infantry Division, drove toward Neustadt and Ostheim, seized Lohr on April 3, and fought the division's major post-Rhine action at Gemuenden before taking Bad Neustadt with elements of the 3rd Infantry Division.

After assembling in mid-April, the division joined the final Bavarian pursuit. It bridged the Altmuhl under fire, crossed the Danube on April 28, and reached the Isar at Moosburg the next day. There elements of the division opened Stalag VII-A, one of Germany's largest POW camps, freeing tens of thousands of Allied prisoners. The 14th crossed the Isar on April 30, fought into Landshut, and reached the Inn near Aschau and Muehldorf on May 2. Ordered to halt north of the river, it was processing prisoners when hostilities ended.

Division Organization 1944/1945
Armor
25th Tank Battalion
47th Tank Battalion
48th Tank Battalion
Armored Infantry
19th Armored Infantry Battalion
68th Armored Infantry Battalion
Field Artillery
499th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
500th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
501st Armored Field Artillery Battalion
Support Units
94th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron
125th Armored Engineer Battalion
154th Armored Signal Company
84th Armored Medical Battalion
136th Armored Ordnance Maintenance Battalion
Military Police Platoon
514th CIC Detachment

(A) = attached

Sources and Notes